XIgn: a\p-jy-a-\-kp-Isf Iog-S-¡nb kmln-Xy-Im-c³
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-§sf hniz-am-\-hn-I-X-bn-te¡v ssI]n-Sn-¨p-bÀ¯nb alm-\mb Fgp-¯p-Im-c³ XIgn inh-i-¦-c-]n-Å-bpsS Pò-i-Xm_vZn AXym-Ëm-Z-]qÀÆw \msS§pw sImïm-S-s¸-Sp-I-bm-Wv.DóX Ipe-Pm-X-I-cpsS IY-IÄ ]d-ªp -h-tcWy hÀKs¯ kpJn-¸n-¨p-sImïv cmP-Iob _lp-a-Xn-Ifpw ]«pw hfbpw Ic-Ø-am-¡pó ]c-¼-cm-KX Ihn-I-sfbpw KZy kmln-Xy-Im-c-òm-sc-bpw-sImïv ae-bmf kmlnXyw hgn-ap«n \nón-cpó Ime-¯mWv ASn-Øm\ hÀK-¯nsâ bmX-\-I-fp-sSbpw thZ-\-I-fp-sSbpw a®nsâ aW-apÅ Iogm-f-òm-cpsS PohnX KÔn-IÄ lrZ-b-kv]Àin-bmb cN-\-IÄ XI-gn-bpsS Xqen-I-I-fn-eqsS ]pd-¯p-h-ó-Xv.sXm«p-Iq-Sm-¯-hÀ, Xoïn-¡q-Sm-¯-hÀ ZrjvSn-bnð s]«mepw tZmj-am-bn-cpó {`m´³ Nn´-IÄ¡-Xo-X-ambn On¯-{`aw ]nSn-s]« tIc-fob kaq-l-¯nð Cóp ImWpó Xc-¯n-epÅ h¼n¨ kmaq-ly-am-ä-§Ä¡v XIgn krjvSn-IÄ henb ]¦mWv hln-¨n-«p-Å-Xv.tIi-h-tZ-hv, s]m³Ipów hÀ¡n, ssh¡w apl-½Zv _joÀ XpS-§nb Fgp-¯p-ImÀ km[m-c-W-¡m-cpsS CS-bnð Pohn-¨p. Ah-cp-sSbpw Npäp-h-«-§-fp-sSbpw A\p-`h k¼-¯p-IÄ CuSpä kÀK kmln-Xy-§-fmbn ]pd-¯p-h-ó-t¸mÄ klr-Z-b-temIw Ahsb Ccp Ic-§fpw \o«n kzoI-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-óp. Ch A[zm-\n-¡pó P\-hn-`m-K-§Ä¡v kwL-SnX iàn-bmbn Htc sImSn-¡o-gnð AWn-tNÀóv Ah-Im-i-§Ä tNmZn-¨p-hm-§m-\pÅ Icp¯v t\Sm-\m-b-sXóv XI-gn-bpsS IrXn-IÄ hmbn-¨n-«p-Å-hÀ Xpdóp k½-Xn-t¡-ïn-h-cpw.1912 G{]nð 17\v Be-¸pg Pnñ-bnse XIgn {Kma-¯nð ]S-lmcw apdn-bnð Acn-¸p-d-¯p-ho-«nð ]mÀh-Xn-A-½-bp-sSbpw i¦-c-¡p-dp-¸n-sâbpw aI-\mbn P\n¨ XIgn inh-i-¦-c-¸nÅ.kw`-h-_-lp-e-amb Hcp Ime-L-«-am-bn-cpóp AXv. Abn¯w Ið¸n¨p Iogm-f-òmÀ¡v hgn-\-S-¡mt\m Iogmf kv{XoIÄ¡v amdv ad-¡mt\m kzmX-{´-an-ñm-Xn-cpó Npäp-]m-Sp-IÄ. BtKmf km¼-¯nI amµyw ImcWw s]mdp-Xn-ap-«pó Imew. sXmgn-emfn {]Øm-\§Ä DS-se-Sp-¯-Xpw, \thm-°m\ {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä cq]-s¸-«-Xpw kzmX{´ ka-c-§Ä sImSp-¼n-cn-sIm-ïn-cpó kµÀ`-§fnð Xsó-bm-bn-cpóp XI-gn-sb-t¸m-ep-Å-hÀ Iebpw kmln-Xyhpw P\ \òbv¡v thïn Fó hnizm-k-t¯msS ]mÀiz-hð¡-cn-¡-s¸« ASn-Øm\ hÀK-§-fpsS IY ]d-bm³ aptóm«v hó-Xv.1929 ð XI-gn-bpsS "km[p-¡Ä' Fó BZy-IY {]kn-²o-I-cn-¨p. 1934 ð XymK-¯nsâ {]Xn-^ew Fó BZy-t\m-hepw ]d-¯p-h-óp. CtX hÀjw Xsó-bm-bn-cpóp s\Sp-ap-Sn-bnse Ia-em£n A½sb hnhmlw Ign-¨-Xpw.Be-¸pg \Kcw hr¯n-bm-¡pó tXm«n-I-fpsS Ic-f-en-bn-¸n-¡pó "tXm«n-bpsS aI³' (1947) Fó t\mh-en-eqsS XoÀ¯pw P\-Io-b-\mbn amdnb XIgn ]ptcm-K-a\ Iem-km-lnXy kwL-¯nsâ t\XrXz\nc-bn-te-¡p-bÀóp-h-ó-Xpw ]nóo-S-t§m«v cïn-S-§gn (1948), sN½o³ (1956), GWn-¸-Sn-IÄ (1964), Np¡v (1967) XpS§n cïv \qäm-ïp-I-fpsS Ip«-\m-Snsâ Xe-ap-d-I-fpsS IY ]d-bpó IbÀ Fó _rl-¯mb t\mhð AS¡w \mð]-tXmfw IrXn-I-fn-eqsS Hcp Ime-L-«-¯nsâ hyXy-kvX-§-fmb IY-IÄ klr-Zb temI-¯nsâ a\-kp-I-fnð tImdn-bn« Xo¡-\-ep-I-fmWv Cópw AWbmsX Pzen-¨p-\nð¡p-ó-Xv._mey-Im-e-§-fnð X\n¡v DÄs¡m-Åm-\m-hm¯ Xnàm-\p-`-h-§-fpsS Bß-tcm-j-hpw, ZpxJhpw ]nðIm-e-§-fnð CuSpä cN-\-IÄ \S-¯m-\pÅ NmeI iàn-bmbn sIm«m-c-§-fp-sSbpw aWn aµn-c§-fp-sSbpw IY sa\-bm³ an\-s¡-SmsX Ip«-\m-S³ a®nsâ a¡-fpsS s\m¼-c-§Ä lrZ-b-càw Nmen-s¨-gp-Xn-b-t¸mÄ sN¼³Ip-ªpw, ]co-¡p-«nbpw Idp-¯-½-bp-sañmw ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡v am{X-añ C´y-¡m-cp-sSbpw hntZ-in-I-fp-sSbpw kz´-ambn amdp-I-bm-bn-cp-óp.IS-ensð a¡-fpsS A\-izc {]W-b-I-Y-IÄ ]d-bpó sN½o³ Fó t\mhepw AXnsâ Ne-¨n-{Xm-hn-jvIm-chpw At±-ls¯ BtKmf {]i-kvXn-bn-te-¡p-bÀ¯nb A\-izc cN-\-I-fn-sem-óm-bn-cp-óp. t\mh-ens\bpw kn\n-asbbpw \nc-h[n tZiob ]pc-kvIm-c-§Ä tXSn-sb-¯n. ae-bmf `mjm kmln-Xys¯ AXyp-ó-X-§-fpsS GWn-¸-Sn-IÄ Ib-änb Cu hniz-km-ln-Xy-Im-cs\ 1978 epw 1981epw tIcf kmlnXy A¡m-Zan {]kn-U-ïmbn \nb-an-¡-s¸-«n-«p-ïv.tIc-f-þ-tI{µ kmlnXy A¡m-Zan AhmÀUp-Ifpw hb-emÀ AhmÀUp-I-fp-a-S¡w \nc-h[n AwKo-Im-c-§Ä t\Snb XIgn inh-i-¦-c-¸n-Åbv¡v 1985 ð ]ß-`q-jWpw 1990 ð cmPy Úm\-]oTw ]pc-kvIm-chpw \ðIn BZ-cn-¡-s¸-«p. 1992 G{]nð 10\v \s½ hn«p-]n-cnª ae-bm-f-¯nsâ alm-\mb Fgp-¯p-Imc³ klr-Zb a\-kp-I-fnð ambmsX IpSn-bn-cn-¡p-óp-sh-ó-Xn-\pÅ sXfn-hmWv \msS§pw XIgn Pò-i-Xm_vZn AXym-Ëm-Z-]qÀhw BtLm-jn-¡-s¸-Sp-ó-Xv.
2011 k]vXw-_À 3\v ]¯v aWn¡v ]ptcm-K-a\ Iem-km-lnXy kwLw PnñmI½n-än-bpsS B`n-ap-Jy-¯nð Pò-i-Zm-_vZn-bpsS PnñmXe DðLm-S\w ImkÀtImSv ap\n-kn-¸ð tIm¬^-d³kv lmfnð {io i¦cm kwkvIrX kÀh-I-em-ime s{]m.ssh-kv. Nm³kn-eÀ tUm: Fkv. cmP-ti-J-c³ \nÀh-ln-¨p.XI-gn-bpsS Pohn-Xs¯ Bkv]-Z-am¡n \nÀ½n¨ Fw.Sn. hmkp-tZ-h³ \mbÀ kwhn-[m\w sNbvX XIgn inh-i-¦-c-¸nÅ Fó tUmIyp-saâ-dnbpw sN½o³, shÅ-s¸m¡w Fóo kn\n-a-I-fpsS {]ZÀi-\-hp-ap-ïm-bn. sshIn«v \S-ó- XIgn {]`m-j-W-§-tfm-S-\p-_-Ôn¨v {]hmkn Fgp-¯p-Im-c-\mb C{_mlnw sNÀ¡-f-bpsS im´n-Xocw AIse Fó t\mh-ensâ {]Im-i-\hpw tUm: cmP-ti-J-c³ hmkp-tNm-tdm-Sn\v \ðIn \nÀh-ln-¨p. XIgn kvac-Wn-I-bpsS {]Im-i\w kn.F-¨v. Ipª-¼p-hnð \nópw ImkÀtIms« Fgp-¯p-Im-cmb F.F-kv. apl-½-ZvIp-ªn, bp.]n. Fkv. laoZv Fón-hÀ tNÀóv Gäp-hm-§n.C.]n. cmP-tKm-]m-e³ A[y-£X hln-¨p. ap\n-kn-¸ð sNbÀam³ Sn.C. A_vZp-ñ, tI{µ kmlnXy A¡m-Zan AwKw Fkv.-]n. aôp-\mY `«v, s{]m^. {io\m-Yv, hn.hn. {]`m-I-c³, a[p Fkv. \mbÀ, AUz: ]n.hn. Pb-cm-P³, cho-{µ³ sImS-¡m-Sv, AUz: ]n. A¸p-¡p-«³, ]n. Zmtam-Z-c³, _me-Ir-jvW³ sNÀ¡f thZnsb [\y-am-¡n.
ae-bmf kmln-Xy-§sf hniz-am-\-hn-I-X-bn-te¡v ssI]n-Sn-¨p-bÀ¯nb alm-\mb Fgp-¯p-Im-c³ XIgn inh-i-¦-c-]n-Å-bpsS Pò-i-Xm_vZn AXym-Ëm-Z-]qÀÆw \msS§pw sImïm-S-s¸-Sp-I-bm-Wv.DóX Ipe-Pm-X-I-cpsS IY-IÄ ]d-ªp -h-tcWy hÀKs¯ kpJn-¸n-¨p-sImïv cmP-Iob _lp-a-Xn-Ifpw ]«pw hfbpw Ic-Ø-am-¡pó ]c-¼-cm-KX Ihn-I-sfbpw KZy kmln-Xy-Im-c-òm-sc-bpw-sImïv ae-bmf kmlnXyw hgn-ap«n \nón-cpó Ime-¯mWv ASn-Øm\ hÀK-¯nsâ bmX-\-I-fp-sSbpw thZ-\-I-fp-sSbpw a®nsâ aW-apÅ Iogm-f-òm-cpsS PohnX KÔn-IÄ lrZ-b-kv]Àin-bmb cN-\-IÄ XI-gn-bpsS Xqen-I-I-fn-eqsS ]pd-¯p-h-ó-Xv.sXm«p-Iq-Sm-¯-hÀ, Xoïn-¡q-Sm-¯-hÀ ZrjvSn-bnð s]«mepw tZmj-am-bn-cpó {`m´³ Nn´-IÄ¡-Xo-X-ambn On¯-{`aw ]nSn-s]« tIc-fob kaq-l-¯nð Cóp ImWpó Xc-¯n-epÅ h¼n¨ kmaq-ly-am-ä-§Ä¡v XIgn krjvSn-IÄ henb ]¦mWv hln-¨n-«p-Å-Xv.tIi-h-tZ-hv, s]m³Ipów hÀ¡n, ssh¡w apl-½Zv _joÀ XpS-§nb Fgp-¯p-ImÀ km[m-c-W-¡m-cpsS CS-bnð Pohn-¨p. Ah-cp-sSbpw Npäp-h-«-§-fp-sSbpw A\p-`h k¼-¯p-IÄ CuSpä kÀK kmln-Xy-§-fmbn ]pd-¯p-h-ó-t¸mÄ klr-Z-b-temIw Ahsb Ccp Ic-§fpw \o«n kzoI-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-óp. Ch A[zm-\n-¡pó P\-hn-`m-K-§Ä¡v kwL-SnX iàn-bmbn Htc sImSn-¡o-gnð AWn-tNÀóv Ah-Im-i-§Ä tNmZn-¨p-hm-§m-\pÅ Icp¯v t\Sm-\m-b-sXóv XI-gn-bpsS IrXn-IÄ hmbn-¨n-«p-Å-hÀ Xpdóp k½-Xn-t¡-ïn-h-cpw.1912 G{]nð 17\v Be-¸pg Pnñ-bnse XIgn {Kma-¯nð ]S-lmcw apdn-bnð Acn-¸p-d-¯p-ho-«nð ]mÀh-Xn-A-½-bp-sSbpw i¦-c-¡p-dp-¸n-sâbpw aI-\mbn P\n¨ XIgn inh-i-¦-c-¸nÅ.kw`-h-_-lp-e-amb Hcp Ime-L-«-am-bn-cpóp AXv. Abn¯w Ið¸n¨p Iogm-f-òmÀ¡v hgn-\-S-¡mt\m Iogmf kv{XoIÄ¡v amdv ad-¡mt\m kzmX-{´-an-ñm-Xn-cpó Npäp-]m-Sp-IÄ. BtKmf km¼-¯nI amµyw ImcWw s]mdp-Xn-ap-«pó Imew. sXmgn-emfn {]Øm-\§Ä DS-se-Sp-¯-Xpw, \thm-°m\ {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä cq]-s¸-«-Xpw kzmX{´ ka-c-§Ä sImSp-¼n-cn-sIm-ïn-cpó kµÀ`-§fnð Xsó-bm-bn-cpóp XI-gn-sb-t¸m-ep-Å-hÀ Iebpw kmln-Xyhpw P\ \òbv¡v thïn Fó hnizm-k-t¯msS ]mÀiz-hð¡-cn-¡-s¸« ASn-Øm\ hÀK-§-fpsS IY ]d-bm³ aptóm«v hó-Xv.1929 ð XI-gn-bpsS "km[p-¡Ä' Fó BZy-IY {]kn-²o-I-cn-¨p. 1934 ð XymK-¯nsâ {]Xn-^ew Fó BZy-t\m-hepw ]d-¯p-h-óp. CtX hÀjw Xsó-bm-bn-cpóp s\Sp-ap-Sn-bnse Ia-em£n A½sb hnhmlw Ign-¨-Xpw.Be-¸pg \Kcw hr¯n-bm-¡pó tXm«n-I-fpsS Ic-f-en-bn-¸n-¡pó "tXm«n-bpsS aI³' (1947) Fó t\mh-en-eqsS XoÀ¯pw P\-Io-b-\mbn amdnb XIgn ]ptcm-K-a\ Iem-km-lnXy kwL-¯nsâ t\XrXz\nc-bn-te-¡p-bÀóp-h-ó-Xpw ]nóo-S-t§m«v cïn-S-§gn (1948), sN½o³ (1956), GWn-¸-Sn-IÄ (1964), Np¡v (1967) XpS§n cïv \qäm-ïp-I-fpsS Ip«-\m-Snsâ Xe-ap-d-I-fpsS IY ]d-bpó IbÀ Fó _rl-¯mb t\mhð AS¡w \mð]-tXmfw IrXn-I-fn-eqsS Hcp Ime-L-«-¯nsâ hyXy-kvX-§-fmb IY-IÄ klr-Zb temI-¯nsâ a\-kp-I-fnð tImdn-bn« Xo¡-\-ep-I-fmWv Cópw AWbmsX Pzen-¨p-\nð¡p-ó-Xv._mey-Im-e-§-fnð X\n¡v DÄs¡m-Åm-\m-hm¯ Xnàm-\p-`-h-§-fpsS Bß-tcm-j-hpw, ZpxJhpw ]nðIm-e-§-fnð CuSpä cN-\-IÄ \S-¯m-\pÅ NmeI iàn-bmbn sIm«m-c-§-fp-sSbpw aWn aµn-c§-fp-sSbpw IY sa\-bm³ an\-s¡-SmsX Ip«-\m-S³ a®nsâ a¡-fpsS s\m¼-c-§Ä lrZ-b-càw Nmen-s¨-gp-Xn-b-t¸mÄ sN¼³Ip-ªpw, ]co-¡p-«nbpw Idp-¯-½-bp-sañmw ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡v am{X-añ C´y-¡m-cp-sSbpw hntZ-in-I-fp-sSbpw kz´-ambn amdp-I-bm-bn-cp-óp.IS-ensð a¡-fpsS A\-izc {]W-b-I-Y-IÄ ]d-bpó sN½o³ Fó t\mhepw AXnsâ Ne-¨n-{Xm-hn-jvIm-chpw At±-ls¯ BtKmf {]i-kvXn-bn-te-¡p-bÀ¯nb A\-izc cN-\-I-fn-sem-óm-bn-cp-óp. t\mh-ens\bpw kn\n-asbbpw \nc-h[n tZiob ]pc-kvIm-c-§Ä tXSn-sb-¯n. ae-bmf `mjm kmln-Xys¯ AXyp-ó-X-§-fpsS GWn-¸-Sn-IÄ Ib-änb Cu hniz-km-ln-Xy-Im-cs\ 1978 epw 1981epw tIcf kmlnXy A¡m-Zan {]kn-U-ïmbn \nb-an-¡-s¸-«n-«p-ïv.tIc-f-þ-tI{µ kmlnXy A¡m-Zan AhmÀUp-Ifpw hb-emÀ AhmÀUp-I-fp-a-S¡w \nc-h[n AwKo-Im-c-§Ä t\Snb XIgn inh-i-¦-c-¸n-Åbv¡v 1985 ð ]ß-`q-jWpw 1990 ð cmPy Úm\-]oTw ]pc-kvIm-chpw \ðIn BZ-cn-¡-s¸-«p. 1992 G{]nð 10\v \s½ hn«p-]n-cnª ae-bm-f-¯nsâ alm-\mb Fgp-¯p-Imc³ klr-Zb a\-kp-I-fnð ambmsX IpSn-bn-cn-¡p-óp-sh-ó-Xn-\pÅ sXfn-hmWv \msS§pw XIgn Pò-i-Xm_vZn AXym-Ëm-Z-]qÀhw BtLm-jn-¡-s¸-Sp-ó-Xv.
2011 k]vXw-_À 3\v ]¯v aWn¡v ]ptcm-K-a\ Iem-km-lnXy kwLw PnñmI½n-än-bpsS B`n-ap-Jy-¯nð Pò-i-Zm-_vZn-bpsS PnñmXe DðLm-S\w ImkÀtImSv ap\n-kn-¸ð tIm¬^-d³kv lmfnð {io i¦cm kwkvIrX kÀh-I-em-ime s{]m.ssh-kv. Nm³kn-eÀ tUm: Fkv. cmP-ti-J-c³ \nÀh-ln-¨p.XI-gn-bpsS Pohn-Xs¯ Bkv]-Z-am¡n \nÀ½n¨ Fw.Sn. hmkp-tZ-h³ \mbÀ kwhn-[m\w sNbvX XIgn inh-i-¦-c-¸nÅ Fó tUmIyp-saâ-dnbpw sN½o³, shÅ-s¸m¡w Fóo kn\n-a-I-fpsS {]ZÀi-\-hp-ap-ïm-bn. sshIn«v \S-ó- XIgn {]`m-j-W-§-tfm-S-\p-_-Ôn¨v {]hmkn Fgp-¯p-Im-c-\mb C{_mlnw sNÀ¡-f-bpsS im´n-Xocw AIse Fó t\mh-ensâ {]Im-i-\hpw tUm: cmP-ti-J-c³ hmkp-tNm-tdm-Sn\v \ðIn \nÀh-ln-¨p. XIgn kvac-Wn-I-bpsS {]Im-i\w kn.F-¨v. Ipª-¼p-hnð \nópw ImkÀtIms« Fgp-¯p-Im-cmb F.F-kv. apl-½-ZvIp-ªn, bp.]n. Fkv. laoZv Fón-hÀ tNÀóv Gäp-hm-§n.C.]n. cmP-tKm-]m-e³ A[y-£X hln-¨p. ap\n-kn-¸ð sNbÀam³ Sn.C. A_vZp-ñ, tI{µ kmlnXy A¡m-Zan AwKw Fkv.-]n. aôp-\mY `«v, s{]m^. {io\m-Yv, hn.hn. {]`m-I-c³, a[p Fkv. \mbÀ, AUz: ]n.hn. Pb-cm-P³, cho-{µ³ sImS-¡m-Sv, AUz: ]n. A¸p-¡p-«³, ]n. Zmtam-Z-c³, _me-Ir-jvW³ sNÀ¡f thZnsb [\y-am-¡n.
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Kuttiyanam Muhammed Kunhi
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